Launch

All of Us Research Program beta launch with soft enrollment. National enrollment officially opened to the public, collecting EHR, surveys, physical measurements, and biospecimens from participants across the US.

President Obama announced the Precision Medicine Initiative, proposing the creation of a national research cohort of one million or more Americans to advance precision medicine.

BioBank Japan project initiated in 2003 by the Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo. Enrolled ~200,000 patients diagnosed with 47 common diseases from 12 medical institutions across Japan, collecting DNA, serum, and clinical information.

Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) launched at the Broad Institute with exome data from 61,486 individuals across multiple disease-specific and population genetic studies. Provided the first comprehensive reference of population genetic variation, transforming variant interpretation in medical genetics.

FinnGen launched in 2017 as a public-private partnership combining genome information with digital health care data from Finnish biobanks and national health registers. Aims to recruit 500,000 Finnish participants, leveraging the population bottleneck effect of Finland for genetic discovery.

Million Veteran Program launched by the US Department of Veterans Affairs as a national research program to study how genes, lifestyle, and military exposures affect health and disease. Aims to enroll over one million US veterans, creating one of the world's largest and most diverse biobanks with rich EHR data.

Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program launched by the NHLBI as part of the Precision Medicine Initiative. Designed to generate whole-genome sequencing data from diverse populations across NHLBI-funded cohort studies, integrating multi-omics data with detailed phenotypes to study heart, lung, blood, and sleep disorders.